Question description
Creating a bar graph with SD error bars in excelQuestions 1-4
An investigation into the effect of visible light on carbon utilization in marine ecosystems through the use of a controlled experiment is shown below. Water at pH 7.0 was placed into beakers of equal volumes. Chlorophyta (green algae), a marine plant, were transferred into several beakers and an equal number of these beakers were placed in environments with or without light (Figure 1: groups I and II). Similarly, Amphiprioninae (clownfish) were transferred into several beakers and an equal number of these beakers were placed in environments with or without light (Figure 1: groups III and IV). Finally, an equivalent number of beakers with water only were exposed to light or dark environments (Figure 1: groups V and VI).
Upon exposure to light or dark for two hours, the pH of each beaker was recorded. In addition, the mean pH and standard error were calculated for all treatment groups and recorded in the table below.
MEAN pH OF TREATMENT GROUPS AFTER 2 HOURS
| Treatment group (n = 20) | I | II | III | IV | V | VI |
| Mean pH | 7.2 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 7.3 | 6.8 |
| Standard error of the mean | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
- Using graphing software such as Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets, construct a graph with error bars that best represents the data in the table above. Be sure to include all appropriate labels on your graph. (15 pts)
- Which treatment group(s) should be used when comparing the rates of cellular respiration between Chlorophyta and Amphiprioninae? Justify your choice(s) with a brief explanation. Answer limit 80 words. (10 pts)
- It is suspected that one of the treatment groups in the table above yielded unexpected results. Comment on which treatment group you think this is, describe what the expected results would be, and offer a plausible explanation for these unexpected results. Answer limit 120 words. (10 pts) (10 pts)
- After determining normal rates of photosynthesis and cellular respiration through the experiments listed above, you set out to test the effects of Atrazine and 2,4 Dinitrophenol, known poisons that affect specific components of the metabolic system.
- In the table above, determine whether you expect pH to increase, decrease or remain the same, compared to the control in group V, given the conditions listed. (If you expect and increase or decrease to be greater or less than another treatment group, you should specify that too.) (10 pts)
- Explain why these results would be expected for each of the treatments (except V). (By “explain”, we mean that you consider how the action of these poisons affect the biochemical metabolic processes in the cell, and describe how those changes and any cascading effects on metabolic homeostasis lead to the expected pH result.) (20 pts)
- Describe TWO types of homeostatic regulatory processes that might occur in an attempt to compensate for the metabolic poisoning with 2,4 Dinitrophenol. Be sure to explain the cause and outcome of the compensatory process. Support each answer with reference to, and brief explanation of, data from the textbook. (10 pts)
- Describe the involvement of the various ion channels discussed in Ch. 9.1 in the initiation, propagation, and recovery of an action potential. Reference data to support your answers when possible, but you don’t need to explain the specifics about why that data supports your answer. (Be sure to give specific information about which ion transport mechanisms are being used- how, when, and with what effect.) Answer limit 40 words each. (15 pts)
- Explain how a neurological signal alternates from a chemical to an electrical to a chemical signal. Answer limit 50 words. (10 pts)
| Treatment group
(n = 20) |
I | I + Atrazine | III | III + 2,4 DNP | V |
| Mean pH (increase, decrease or unchanged) | 7.3 |
i.
ii.
Initiation:
Propagation:
Recovery:
