“self-efficacy” meaning and its benefits for pain management

After reading the article presented in the lesson, try to answer the following questions regarding the article:

1. What does the term “self-efficacy” mean and how is it beneficial for the management of pain?

2. What role does postoperative anxiety level have in the control, or, lack of control in

postoperative control of pain?

3. Are there any cultural considerations in taking care of oriental clients, and, their response to

pain that is suggested in the article due to the country of origin of the article?

4. Since you have read this article, are there any changes you might consider in utilizing

alternatives in treating pain for orthopedic clients, either pre- or post-surgically?