Introduction
Basic principles of emergency care provide the foundation for appropriate response to an accident (Rosdahl, & Kowalski, 2008). During an emergency, quick decision making and confident approach gives reassurance to the victims. Confidence encourages cooperation among those that come later to assist. In situations of accident, confusion and stress are normally elevated. Therefore, it is crucial to have a predetermined appropriate plan of action, and method of assessment.
Principles of Emergency Response
Consideration number one is to ensure that the scene of accident is safe before rushing to assist. Things to watch out for may include danger of explosion, fire, hazardous materials and electrical hazards (Ibid). Depending on the safety of the scene and nature of the accident, the first responder may have to call for additional support before assisting victims.
It may be necessary to move the injured persons away from danger before administering first-aid on them (Ibid). However, if the scene is safe, movement of the victims is prohibited because it can compound the injuries or cause additional problems. The first responder should assign a person to direct traffic to avoid potential for accident.
The next thing would be to identify problems (Ibid). For example, is there anything unusual about the accident? Is there an indication of drug abuse, poisoning, or attempted suicide? Is there an indication of medical problem (diabetes, hypertension, etc)? Is there an indication of foul play? If so, rescue and treat the patients without altering essential cues in the crime scene. First, the victim with laceration on the head requires treatment for potential shock resulting from excessive loss of blood. Second, the one oozing blood from the leg and then the victim helping others receive treatment in that order. In nonresponsive cases, check for medical alert tag.
Conclusion
Non medical personnel are prohibited to assist only to the extent of first aid. Rescuers should do only what applies to emergency (Ibid). In summary, one should assess the scene, summon assistance, perform triage, and assess and treat for shock.
Reference
Rosdahl, B. C. & Kowalski, M. (2008). “Textbook of Basic Nursing (9th ed.)”. Wolters Kluwer
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