Position statement on the Causation of Primary Hypertension

Position statement on the Causation of Primary Hypertension

ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS: EPIDEMIOLOGY CLASS

***Assignment:

1. After reading the topics and text for this Module, provide a position statement on the interaction

among causes. (Please read the class notes and textbook chapter uploaded on Causality)

For that topic, you will write a position statement explaining your viewpoint on the causation of a certain disease.   You should choose a topic on which you can write a logical argument about its causative factors.   There may be an interaction among more than one cause, so you should explain what you believe to be the cause and effect relationships (supported by references, of course).   You should read the assigned textbook chapter on causation which will give you some good guidance.

***Topic: Primary/essential Hypertension: Primary hypertension is associated with structural changes of the heart and blood vessels, which may lead to cardiovascular morbidity (i.e., cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, renal disease, and Alzheimer’s) and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of primary hypertension remains unclear at present [1]. Primary hypertension is typically defined as having a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg [2, 3]. Globally, approximately one billion people are affected by primary hypertension [2], and seven million deaths per year may be related to primary hypertension [4]. (Zhao Xinke … 2016)

-Position statement: Multifactorial causative risk factors---Genetic, environmental and lifestyle/behavioral related causes  Multifactorial etiology (Cause)

1. genetic susceptibility (see articles and find more evidence)---affecting sometimes race & gender
2. Lifestyle/behavioral and environmental: (see articles and find more scholarly articles if needed to support all of this)

-High sodium diet consumption(salt), obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress, tobacco smoking, unhealthy diet(risk behavior), alcohol, sociodemographic factors (education, higher socioeconomic class)

-Although environmental factors are the most significant influences on the development of HTN, the interaction of genetic with environmental factors is increasingly being appreciated (Khera et al., 2016; Waken, de Las Fuentes, & Rao, 2017).

2. I’m attaching articles, however, you might need to do more research in order to support the position statement. You can also use the textbook or notes for definitions on causality. All references MUST be scholarly, peer reviewed article. Please include DOI numbers on the reference page (It’s required in APA). References MUST be scholarly journal articles (Nothing from conferences, goggle, .com).
3. This assignment is for the DNP class and the grading is rigorous including grammar and APA style.

• Please don’t start with sentences that start with “this, these, it…etc” this is vague and not use in formal writing. Need to specify what we are talking about. Also don’t use citations in the middle of the sentence. Avoid “as well as” as much as possible.

Thank you and let me know if you have any questions!