Interprofessional Collaboration makes a difference in patient outcomes

Interprofessional Collaboration makes a difference in patient outcomes

****ASSIGNMENT: Please write a well-constructed and organized paper.

Does interprofessional collaboration make a difference in patient outcomes? Utilizing the Cochrane Collaboration's (2009), Interprofessional Collaboration: Effects of Practice-Based Interventions on Professional Practice and Healthcare Outcomes support your response. This document can be retrieved at http://ipls.dk/pdf-filer/ip_collaboration_cochrane.pdf

 

***Summary of main results--- Article from above:  Cochrane Collaboration's (2009), Interprofessional Collaboration: Effects of Practice-Based Interventions on Professional Practice and Healthcare Outcomes

Daily interdisciplinary rounds in inpatient medical wards at an acute care hospital had a positive impact on length of stay and total charges (Curley 1998) but had no impact on length of stay in a community hospital telemetry ward (Wild 2004). Monthly mutlidisciplinary team meetings improved prescribing of psychotropic drugs in nursing homes (Schmidt 1998). Videoconferencing compared to audioconferencing multidisciplinary case conferences showed mixed results; there was a decreased number of case conferences per patient and shorter length of treatment but no differences in occasions of service or the length of the conference. There was also no difference between the groups in the numberofcommunicationsbetweenhealthprofessionalsrecorded in the notes (Wilson 2004). Multidisciplinary meetings with an external facilitator, who used strategies to encourage collaborative working, was associated with increased audit activity and reported improvements to care (Cheater 2005). In Wild 2004, it is suggested that the negative study results could be due to the fact that many of the admission diagnoses were on a clinical pathway with standardised care, and that patients are more stable, at lower risk for complications and possibly healthier overall, so the interdisciplinary rounds provided no additional advantage. Wilson 2004 notes that the patients in their study may have been treated more quickly but the cost to the provider was the same. at http://ipls.dk/pdf-filer/ip_collaboration_cochrane.pdf

About this article, just provide a brief small paragraph on the patient outcomes improved here from interprofessional collaboration. We got to do it because is included in the assignment instructions… BUT DON’T WANT YOU TO FOCUS ON THIS ARTICLE TO WRITE THE PAPER. FOCUS ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED BELOW, SUPPORTING HOW INTERPROFESSIONAL COLLABORATION IMPROVES PATIENT’S OUTCOMES!

 

**Main discussion on how … Does interprofessional collaboration make a difference in patient outcomes? Will definitively focus on supporting that it does! And we have to support it with research! See all articles and information below…

 

 

 

1. ARTICLE:

“Today’s fast pace healthcare is placing many demands on healthcare porfessionals. Patients are living longer with multiple co-morbidities, requiring complex clinical management. Currently the life expectancy in the United States is 78.7 years, and more than fifty percent of all deaths each year are from chronic heart disease, cancer and stroke. The multifaceted medical regimens and increased patient acuity levels requires collaboration and communication between all of levels of healthcare providers. The acute care and community settings rely on an interdisciplinary team of providers. The coordination of care is required between disciplines for best patient outcomes. Healthcare reform mandates the implementation of initiatives aimed at improving the quality and efficiency of patient care, and the application of clinical interventions. The prevalence of chronic illnesses and co-morbidities in the US requires an interdisciplinary approach and collaboration to manage health. Working in teams is an essential skill to provide the best patient outcome.”

Bressler, T., & Persico, L. (2016). Interprofessional education: partnerships in the educational   proc. Nurse Education in Practice, 16(1), 144-147. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.07.004

 

1. ****ONLINE information found to construct our own ideas and discussion (Need to paraphrase)

Improving the health care quality and safety of patients is currently among the most important issues in the health care system

Health care teams bring together members from various disciplines with unique training and skill-sets to provide care to patients with the goal of achieving the best outcomes.

Interprofessional Collaboration is the cornerstone of a successful health team and has proven to improve patient outcomes. When nurses and other health care providers collaborate and support each other, patient outcomes and quality of care tend to improve. It also improves the coordination and communication between the healthcare professionals and thus in turn, improves the quality and safety of patient care. This interprofessional collaboration approach allows both the individual and collective skills and experience of team members to function together, more effectively and deliver a higher level of services than each would working alone.

When health care team members work together with a collective action oriented toward a common goal, quality and safety of patient care is improved; as a result health care costs are reduced, especially those associated with re-hospitalization.

Working independently could lead to missed symptoms or miscommunication about patient needs.

With increased collaboration, medical professionals are interacting on a personal level, sharing ideas about patient treatment and working together to maintain continuity of care.

 

2. ARTICLE**Medical errors continue to be a leading cause of mortality in the United States—interprofessional collaboration may be a key to curbing this statistic. When it comes to patient outcomes, quality is more than a metric: high-functioning interprofessional care teams help people live better, more healthy lives.

“Improved health care collaboration has been cited as a key strategy for health care reform.1,2 Collaboration in health care has been shown to improve patient outcomes such as reducing preventable adverse drug reactions,3,4 decreasing morbidity and mortality rates5,6 and optimizing medication dosages” Bosch, B., & Mansell, H. (2015). Interprofessional collaboration in health care: lessons to be

learned from competitive sports. Canadian Pharmacists Journal, 148(4), 176-179. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1715163515588106

3. ARTICLE:

“Medical errors (MEs) are one of the leading causes of death and injury in many countries. Human error is almost unavoidable even for the best experienced, trained and qualified physician and other health-care providers. More people die and injure as a result of MEs than as a result of AIDS, breast cancer or car accidents. A report published in 2000 by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) estimates that between 44,000 and 98,000 people die in US hospitals each year as the result of MEs. A report published in 2000 by the IOM estimates that as many as 44,000-98,000 people die in US hospitals each year as the result of MEs. The death due to errors range from 230,000 to 284,000 per year which constitutes the third leading cause of death in the USA, after deaths from heart disease and cancer

The causes of MEs are complex and not yet completely understood. Some causes that have been identified include:

Team work and communication errors

One widely publicized case from 1994 involved the death of a Boston newspaper columnist from an overdose of chemotherapy for breast cancer due to misinterpretation of the doctor's prescription; the patient was given four times the correct daily dose. Other cases involve medication mix-ups due to drugs with very similar names. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has identified no fewer than 600 pairs of look-alike or sound-alike drug names since 1992. During trauma resuscitation, surgical procedures and treatment of patients in intensive care units it has been shown in many researches that poor teamwork and communication have been documented may increase AEs and MEs.”

Zineldin, M., Zineldin, J., & Vasicheva, V. (2014). Approaches for reducing medical errors and increasing patient safety: TRM, quality and 5 qs method. TQM Journal, 26(1), 63-74. DOI:10.1108/TQM-03-2012-0029

4. ARTICLE: GREAT!

The Importance of Teamwork to the Quality and Safety of Care Delivery

Academics, policymakers, and the public are increasingly aware of the magnitude of preventable patient harm in U.S. health care, which may exceed 250,000 deaths per year. These harms include hospital-acquired infections, patient falls, diagnostic errors, and surgical errors, among others. Each manifests through complex interactions in the sociotechnical care delivery system.

Communication failures are both an independent cause of preventable patient harm and a cross-cutting contributing factor underlying other harms. Transitions of care (i.e., between care areas or shift changes) in acute care settings are leading opportunities for communication failures directly causing patient harm. They are high-risk interactions in which critical information about the patient’s status and plan of care can be miscommunicated, leading to delays in treatment or inappropriate therapies. These transitions are associated with approximately 28% of surgical adverse events. Additionally, care team member interactions contribute to specific clinical harms. Poor communication of medication name, dose, route of delivery, and timing of administration between physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and patients can lead to medication errors. Hierarchy (e.g., between professional roles, and over occupational tenure) can inhibit the assertive communication necessary for effective recovery from error such as violation of evidence-based treatment protocols.

The teamwork and communication challenges in health care manifest the problem of coordination neglect in organizational systems. Managing complex work usually involves breaking it into tasks and delegating components of the work. However, across industries, there is a strong tendency to emphasize the division of labor and ignore mechanisms of coordination and integration. Health care delivery is inherently interdependent and increasingly complex. No one individual can assure a patient receives the highest standard of care, nor can he or she protect the patient from all potential harms stemming from increasingly complex and powerful therapies. However, despite high levels of interdependence, health care has underinvested in structured and evidence-based practices for managing teams and coordinating care.

Rosen, M. A., DiazGranados, D., Dietz, A. S., Benishek, L. E., Thompson, D., Pronovost, P. J., & Weaver, S. J. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer, high-quality care. American Psychologist, 73(4), 433-450. DOI:10.1037/amp0000298

Teamwork and Patient Care Outcomes  (EVIDENCE!!!)

A growing body of literature links the quality of teamwork to the quality and safety of health care delivery. Work in this area has focused on three domains: (a) the quality (i.e., degree to which patients receive treatment consistent with current guidelines and professional knowledge) and safety (i.e., risk of preventable patient harm) of care, (b) patient experience (i.e., self-reported outcomes), and (c) clinical patient outcomes.

First, a variety of studies confirm the pervasive nature of communication and coordination risks. Observational studies in surgical services indicate that approximately 30% of team interactions include a communication failure of some type and that patients receiving care with poor teamwork are almost five times as likely to experience complications or death (odds ratio = 4.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.30, 17.87]; . A large Australian study found preventable patient deaths were twice as likely to be caused by a communication failure as an error of technical competence.

Second, positive associations between the quality of teamwork in inpatient facilities and patients’ self-reported satisfaction with their care have been established, with patients receiving care from higher performing teams being more satisfied. Although patient satisfaction has always been considered important, it has recently been connected to hospital reimbursement.

Third, studies demonstrate the association between teamwork within care areas and clinical patient outcomes. Patients receiving care from teams with higher levels of role clarity, mutual trust, and quality information exchange experience lower levels of postoperative pain, higher postoperative functioning, and shorter lengths of stay. A large-scale survey by the U.K. National Health Service revealed that degree to which health care workers reported conducting their work in effective teams was associated with a range of patient outcomes, including rates of errors, and patient mortality.

Rosen, M. A., DiazGranados, D., Dietz, A. S., Benishek, L. E., Thompson, D., Pronovost, P. J., & Weaver, S. J. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer, high-quality care. American Psychologist, 73(4), 433-450. DOI:10.1037/amp0000298

 

5. 5. Online information to aid in the discussion:  It Enables Comprehensive Patient Care
   When team members from different disciplines work jointly, it’s easier to form a more comprehensive view of patient care. Think of each medical professional as holding a piece to the puzzle. Bringing all these pieces together enables a better understanding of the patient’s needs.

It Minimizes Readmission Rates
With better care and the closure of communication gaps, patient outcomes are better. Interprofessional collaboration combats ongoing patient care problems such as misdiagnosis. When a patient is misdiagnosed, he or she will probably be back in the hospital soon, at a high cost both to the patient and the medical facility. By increasing collaboration, patients are treated effectively the first time.

6. ARTICLE**Supporting Evidence: GREAT!

“Research has shown collaboration of health professionals can lead to improved patient outcomes, especially between physicians and nurses. An international meta-analysis of interprofessional collaboration studies have shown favorable results in teamwork, decreased clinical errors, and improve patient education. The Cochrane Collaboration Review, in their study “interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (2013), revealed that seven studies show that interprofessional collaboration show improvement in the following areas: diabetes management, mental health practices, and reduction in medical errors in emergency departments and operating room settings.”  This information in on PAGE: 146.

Bressler, T., & Persico, L. (2016). Interprofessional education: partnerships in the educational   proc. Nurse Education in Practice, 16(1), 144-147. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.07.004

 

7. ARTICLE **Collaborative practice is critical to patient safety and quality of care. GREAT!

“Interprofessional collaboration is helpful in improving patient outcomes and optimizing the patient health and wellness. The coordination of care relies on the expertise of physicians, nurses, therapists, pharmacists and social workers; however, these professionals do not function independently. The traditional approach of working in silos creates communication failures and impairs patient safety. Interprofessional collaboration leads to enhanced communication, role comprehension, and better team work, thereby decreasing medical errors and improving patient safety. When working collectively as a team with the patient at the center of that team, the winner will be the patient. As all interprofessional health care professionals will attest, our primary role is to do no harm”

Bressler, T., & Persico, L. (2016). Interprofessional education: partnerships in the educational   proc. Nurse Education in Practice, 16(1), 144-147. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.07.004

 

8. ARTICLE “Based on the recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO), it is necessary for the health care providers (learners or staff) to be committed to the principles of interprofessional collaborative practice to develop efficient collaboration, provide patient-centered care, and improve health care outcomes.” Moradi, K., Najarkolai, A. R., & Keshmiri, F. (2016). Interprofessional teamwork education: moving toward the patient-centered approach. The Journal of Continuing Education in          Nursing, 47(10), 449-460. doi: 10.3928/00220124-20160920-06

Zineldin, M., Zineldin, J., & Vasicheva, V. (2014). Approaches for reducing medical errors and increasing patient safety: TRM, quality and 5 qs method. TQM Journal, 26(1), 63-74. DOI:10.1108/TQM-03-2012-0029

 

 

 

 

* I’m a nurse practitioner (Advanced practice nurse). This assignment is for a DNP (Doctor of nursing practice) class and the grading is rigorous including grammar and APA style.

*Please don’t start with sentences that start with “this, these, it…etc” this is vague and not use in formal writing. Need to specify what we are talking about. Also don’t use citations in the middle of the sentence. Avoid “as well as” as much as possible.

Thank you!