BL1005 – Evolutionary Framework: The Evidence
In this module, you learn about the evidence and the Theory of Evolution. In the next module, we\’ll unpack how evolution occurs via natural selection. Read through the entire post as students have found this additional information supportive of their understanding. Directions for your engagement are located at the end of the content.
During his five-year journey worldwide via sailing ship in the mid-1800s, the then young naturalist Charles Darwin studied and collected a vast array of wildlife.
http://www.seasky.org/ocean-
Here are a few of his sketches:
Darwin noticed many life forms, especially those on nearby but otherwise somewhat isolated islands. They were remarkably like one another as if they were near related but would feature unique adaptations enabling them to survive in their local environment. He ultimately devised the Theory of Evolution via natural selection. The idea rested on the notion physical traits are inherited from parents with characteristics to determine if you survive & reproduce or fail to do so. Over several generations, this implies a given population\’s traits might shift as members do not have a given feature and die out compared to those reproducing. The outcome of this is a population of creatures evolves and life on Earth becomes diverse as different populations grow to adapt to their given environment (or ecological niche).
For instance, in the Galapagos Island Chain, Darwin found many closely related finches with unique bill modifications allowing them to specialize and feast on different food types (large seeds, small seeds, insects, buds, and fruits.) The following two illustrations show this concept.
Evolutionary Theory predicts common anatomical, physiological, and behavioral features among life and unique adaptations assisting in specific functions. It allows scientists to account for a wide variety of observations, of which we can only touch a few here. Consider the mammalian skeleton, for instance.
Since Darwin\’s time, the evidence supporting evolution has grown tremendously. Darwin lived before biochemistry and genetics existed, but these fields proved to be an excellent testing ground for his ideas and the ultimate in confirmation. Here are some great resources and video clips describing how we track human migration and \”deep\” ancestry via genetics. The Genographic Project (interactive map/ timeline) https://genographic.
An online PBS documentary on the Journey of Humankind (an hour-long but recommened) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
An interview with Dr. Spencer. https://www.ted.com/talks/
The Journey of Mankind (interactive map/timeline) http://www.bradshawfoundation.
By taking genetic samples of indigenous peoples who live in different places worldwide, scientists have been able to map the original location and subsequent spread of specific human mutations. This genographic project (see map below) provides compelling evidence of humanity\’s roots in Africa and our reach worldwide. Dr. Spencer Wells explains in this 2-minute video clip.
https://sites.rootsweb.com/~
Today the fossil record grows ever more complete providing a more in-depth look into the evolution of humanity. There are so many Hominin creatures in geological history it can be challenging to determine which ones contributed to modern man\’s development and which did not. What was once thought of as an evolutionary tree is becoming more like a bush or a braid. The diagrams below are some attempts to clarify the relationships between some of the most prevalent species identified.
DISCUSSION
In your own words, please do respond after you have reviewed some of the material to some of the following questions. What are your thoughts on evolution? Your previous views of learning on this topic? Does this help you feel more confident with these materials? Do you have other questions on the subjects covered in this module?
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